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howstuffworks.com

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Free website and domain report on howstuffworks.com

Last Updated: 21st February, 2023 Update Now
Overview

Snoop Summary for howstuffworks.com

This is a free and comprehensive report about howstuffworks.com. The domain howstuffworks.com is currently hosted on a server located in United States with the IP address 54.230.163.129, where the local currency is USD and English is the local language. Our records indicate that howstuffworks.com is privately registered by Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.. Howstuffworks.com is expected to earn an estimated $7,263 USD per day from advertising revenue. The sale of howstuffworks.com would possibly be worth $5,302,163 USD. This figure is based on the daily revenue potential of the website over a 24 month period. Howstuffworks.com receives an estimated 780,080 unique visitors every day - an insane amount of traffic! This report was last updated 21st February, 2023.

About howstuffworks.com

Site Preview: howstuffworks.com howstuffworks.com
Title: HowStuffWorks on Twitter
Description: HowStuffWorks explains thousands of topics, ranging from the flu to black holes to conspiracy theories, with video and illustrations so you can learn how everything works.
Keywords and Tags: alternator, aol mail, area 51, c, cremation, dry cleaners, education, gfci outlet, hedwig kohn physicist, hydrogen peroxide, jumper cables, oil change, paypal, popular, public information, reference, sorority, swamp cooler, yahoo mail
Related Terms: avian flu, flu, flu symptoms, gaping holes, how to explains, illustrations, nanshakh illustrations, peeping holes.com, swine flu, theories
Fav Icon:
Age: Over 26 years old
Domain Created: 11th July, 1998
Domain Updated: 19th September, 2021
Domain Expires: 10th July, 2024
Review

Snoop Score

4/5 (Excellent!)

Valuation

$5,302,163 USD
Note: All valuation figures are estimates.

Popularity

Very High
Note: Popularity is estimated.

Rank, Reach and Authority

Alexa Rank: 3,028
Alexa Reach:
SEMrush Rank (US): 255
SEMrush Authority Score: 79
Moz Domain Authority: 92
Moz Page Authority: 68

Organic vs Paid (Google Ads)

Organic Paid
Keywords: 3,982,223 1,027
Traffic: 13,005,013 58,586
Cost: $17,655,255 USD $525,748 USD
Traffic

Visitors

Daily Visitors: 780,080
Monthly Visitors: 23,743,178
Yearly Visitors: 284,729,200
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.

Visitors By Country

Revenue

Revenue

Daily Revenue: $7,263 USD
Monthly Revenue: $221,070 USD
Yearly Revenue: $2,651,077 USD
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.

Revenue By Country

SEO

Backlinks Analysis (SEMrush)

Backlinks: 43,940,724
Referring Domains: 174,243
Referring IPs: 129,471
Howstuffworks.com has 43,940,724 backlinks according to SEMrush. 91% of these backlinks are "dofollow" (follow) links which allow the flow of link equity to pass through, which may improve howstuffworks.com's search engine rankings. Other links are treated as 'hints' by search engines and may also pass link equity, depending on what search engines decide in each case.
100% of howstuffworks.com's backlinks are text and image links, which are ideal for SEO. Other backlink types may be unrecognized or ignored by search engines.

Top New Follow Links

1
Source: https://www.immortalitymedicine.tv/
Target: https://computer.howstuffworks.com/quantum-computer.htm
2
Source: https://icanhas.cheezburger.com/
Target: https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/archaeology/ancient-egyptians-revered-cats-for-divine-energy.htm
3
Source: http://www.ccr-mag.com/blog/
Target: https://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering/structural/10-construction-projects.htm
4
Source: https://thebridge.jp/
Target: https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/ps3-folding-question.htm
5
Source: https://news.ycombinator.com/
Target: https://science.howstuffworks.com/why-ancient-roman-concrete-stronger-than-modern.htm

Top Ranking Keywords (US)

1
Keyword: aol mail
Ranked Page: https://computer.howstuffworks.com/internet/basics/aol-mail.htm
2
Keyword: paypal
Ranked Page: https://money.howstuffworks.com/paypal.htm
3
Keyword: area 51
Ranked Page: https://science.howstuffworks.com/space/aliens-ufos/area-51.htm
4
Keyword: hydrogen peroxide
Ranked Page: https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/hydrogen-peroxide-uses.htm
5
Keyword: alternator
Ranked Page: https://auto.howstuffworks.com/alternator1.htm

Domain Analysis

Value Length
Domain: howstuffworks.com 17
Domain Name: howstuffworks 13
Extension (TLD): com 3
Expiry Check:

Page Speed Analysis

Average Load Time: 1.72 seconds
Load Time Comparison: Faster than 46% of sites

PageSpeed Insights

Avg. (All Categories) 85
Performance 94
Accessibility 96
Best Practices 81
SEO 92
Progressive Web App 64
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.howstuffworks.com/
Updated: 13th July, 2021

1.63 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
79%
13%
8%

0.00 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
96%
2%
2%

Simulate loading on desktop
94

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for howstuffworks.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 0.8 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Largest Contentful Paint — 1.2 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Total Blocking Time — 30 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Other

Max Potential First Input Delay — 90 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
First Meaningful Paint — 0.8 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.
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Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
686.608
8.234
697.266
5.517
779.917
41.397
822.114
18.696
840.825
21.528
870.198
26.595
897.58
10.506
911.506
17.253
935.658
9.834
947.594
23.05
982.629
29.224
1016.07
20.761
1036.978
5.32
1042.352
5.272
1052.854
47.05
1111.196
13.512
1124.85
14.267
1145.465
45.84
1201.626
15.138
1217.124
30.379
1254.302
13.318
1268.672
17.728
1302.809
21.047
1327.192
5.882
1501.367
7.611
1544.885
47.785
1606.15
5.59
1681.939
7.546
1701.862
21.485
1984.114
87.3
2072.794
13.662
2089.102
58.785
2153.757
42.226
2201.058
6.617
2210.143
6.924
2217.099
28.646
2251.328
88.624
2340.07
7.004
2349.239
8.952
2375.382
5.108
2387.727
12.786
2406.442
19.478
2425.97
9.735
2438.776
11.677
2450.915
7.792
2460.368
11.428
2473.362
11.555
2484.944
5.717
2490.93
10.026
2506.855
14.731
2528.272
11.718
2547.479
12.233
2559.865
7.715
2568.446
11.424
2581.416
11.595
2593.969
12.487
2607.333
13.451
2621.721
10.896
2633.496
6.337
2985.183
9.839
3004.75
54.388
3061.124
12.606
3090.706
8.671
3170.49
5.712
3179.394
10.534
3349.677
8.119
3511.063
6.1
3551.663
8.563
3595.989
5.957
3617.313
12.927
3668.583
7.646
3691.162
5.903
3803.799
5.083
4252.447
9.207
4275.596
8.768
4285.229
8.453
4304.458
6.944
4321.378
23.978
4346.787
11.482
4359.841
11.738
4375.574
13.859
4389.498
11.545
4401.734
15.096
4426.22
12.014
4442.86
11.389
4454.295
13.061
4468.313
16.829
4486.221
20.12
4507.254
16.961
4526.36
6.648
5168.635
5.962
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7.895
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Opportunities

Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 10 ms
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Howstuffworks.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Ms)
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/dpl/3.2.2/dpl-hsw.js
7590
230
Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Howstuffworks.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Howstuffworks.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Howstuffworks.com should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Howstuffworks.com should consider minifying JS files.
Reduce unused CSS
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Howstuffworks.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 580 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
578.988
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 190 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Howstuffworks.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://howstuffworks.com/
190
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
0
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Howstuffworks.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 12 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid/ads.min.js
7225
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
5313
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/uspapi.js
109
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/ads-coordinator/8.3.5/index.js
46
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3NoYXJrLWRyb3duLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7IndlYnAiOnsicXVhbGl0eSI6MjB9fX0=
0

Diagnostics

Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 1,061 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061777
118086
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid/ads.min.js
76138
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
61474
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3BsYW5lLWZseS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMCwiaGVpZ2h0IjoxODB9fX0=
41645
https://s0.2mdn.net/879366/express_html_inpage_rendering_lib_200_271.js
39965
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/rx_lidar.js?cache=r20110914
38641
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
38219
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
33493
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3Rob3JlYXUtMS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjU1MH19fQ==
33295
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3NoYXJrLWRyb3duLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7IndlYnAiOnsicXVhbGl0eSI6MjB9fX0=
28783
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 483 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
483
Maximum DOM Depth
path
14
Maximum Child Elements
body
24
Avoid chaining critical requests — 3 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Howstuffworks.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 9 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
lteu
Measure
976.775
0.185
ltpq
Measure
977.085
0.04
loadStarteventUtils
Mark
976.821
loadEndeventUtils
Mark
976.964
loadStartpixelQueue
Mark
977.087
loadEndpixelQueue
Mark
977.129
gpt-tag-load
Mark
1030.67
gpt-first-ad-request
Mark
1584.448
gpt-first-ad-render
Mark
2061.267
JavaScript execution time — 0.9 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
267.986
231.256
2.701
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/Enqz_20U.html
196.09
170.155
4.242
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/224/runner.html
187.892
172.504
3.904
Unattributable
170.079
6.354
0.138
https://bde2580281b66b484058593b860e1b57.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html
168.584
99.274
15.512
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061777
116.209
89.965
7.606
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
105.923
35.174
4.24
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/rx_lidar.js?cache=r20110914
77.894
72.732
3.512
https://aax-eu.amazon-adsystem.com/s/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_ym_rbd_n-vmg_n-acuityads_cnv_an-db5_n-amobee_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
68.673
1.342
0.957
Minimizes main-thread work — 2.0 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
1292.817
Other
324.431
Script Parsing & Compilation
103.252
Garbage Collection
90.232
Parse HTML & CSS
60.699
Style & Layout
58.606
Rendering
56.69
All text remains visible during webfont loads
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 171 requests • 1,061 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
171
1085996
Script
36
722571
Image
41
174812
Other
70
90357
Document
21
63820
Font
2
32847
Stylesheet
1
1589
Media
0
0
Third-party
167
1052881
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 40 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
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433741
35.32
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62850
0
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61474
0
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17604
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5930
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4401
0
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4060
0
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3119
0
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3043
0
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0
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2057
0
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0
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1636
0
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0
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1013
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0
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709
0
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681
0
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656
0
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570
0
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235
0
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
Will a Shark Drown if It Stops Moving? Even the most maniacally energetic peop…
Avoid large layout shifts
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 3 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/rx_lidar.js?cache=r20110914
3341
89
https://bde2580281b66b484058593b860e1b57.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html
2372
59
https://aax-eu.amazon-adsystem.com/s/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_ym_rbd_n-vmg_n-acuityads_cnv_an-db5_n-amobee_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
1601
54
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Metrics

Speed Index — 1.4 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Time to Interactive — 3.1 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.

Opportunities

Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 95 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061777
118086
52851
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid/ads.min.js
76138
22050
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
61474
21886

Diagnostics

Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 19 resources found
Howstuffworks.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js
0
1952
https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/b2?c1=2&c2=19985763&ns__t=1626170962080&ns_c=UTF-8&cv=3.5&c8=HowStuffWorks%20-%20Learn%20How%20Everything%20Works!&c7=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F&c9=
0
414
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid/ads.min.js
300000
76138
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
900000
33493
https://js-sec.indexww.com/ht/p/183615-109309588902008.js
3253000
13226
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://eus.rubiconproject.com/usync.js
83619000
9785
https://s0.2mdn.net/879366/express_html_inpage_rendering_lib_200_271.js
86400000
39965
https://s0.2mdn.net/6440760/1615239435301/MAR-403-HTML-peopleSearch-300X600/styles/style.css
86400000
1589
https://s0.2mdn.net/6440760/1615239435301/MAR-403-HTML-peopleSearch-300X600/scripts/script.js
86400000
1261
https://s0.2mdn.net/6440760/1615239435301/MAR-403-HTML-peopleSearch-300X600/images/search.png
86400000
1113
https://px.owneriq.net/fr/epx.gif
288697000
402
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/m_js_controller_fy2019.js
1209600000
13409
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/abg_lite_fy2019.js
1209600000
7915
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/qs_click_protection_fy2019.js
1209600000
7001
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/elements/html/omrhp_fy2019.js
1209600000
3463
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/window_focus_fy2019.js
1209600000
2188
Avoid `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
96

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of howstuffworks.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
Links have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Howstuffworks.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

ARIA

`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements
Some of Glacier National Park's Best Sites Are Underwater
10 Weirdest Museums You Really Should Visit
Hiking el Caminito del Rey, Once the World's Most Dangerous Trail
4 Ways to Experience Outer Space Right Here on Earth
What's It Like Traveling the World's Most Dangerous Road?
What's Causing the Global Semiconductor Shortage?
How Chaos Theory Works
Haggis, Filmjölk: It's What's for Breakfast Around the World
How the Mohs Scale Ranks Hardness
What Is FUTA and How Does It Work?

Contrast

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Failing Elements
READ MORE

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
81

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that howstuffworks.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Links to cross-origin destinations are safe
Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).
Description Directive Severity
No CSP found in enforcement mode
High

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Avoids Application Cache
Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
core-js
core-js-pure@3.6.4
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js.map
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://howstuffworks.com/
Allowed

Audits

Registers an `unload` listener
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
Browser errors were logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Source Description
SHOW DETAILS
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 503 (Service Unavailable)
SHOW DETAILS
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 503 (Service Unavailable)
92

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for howstuffworks.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of howstuffworks.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Tap targets are sized appropriately
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
64

Progressive Web App

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of howstuffworks.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

Installable

Web app manifest and service worker meet the installability requirements
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.

PWA Optimized

Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of howstuffworks.com on mobile screens.
Provides a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Avg. (All Categories) 73
Performance 32
Accessibility 96
Best Practices 81
SEO 91
Progressive Web App 67
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.howstuffworks.com/
Updated: 13th July, 2021

2.27 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
65%
21%
14%

0.02 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
91%
6%
3%

Simulate loading on mobile
32

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for howstuffworks.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Cumulative Layout Shift — 0
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Opportunities

Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Howstuffworks.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Howstuffworks.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Howstuffworks.com should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Howstuffworks.com should consider minifying JS files.
Reduce unused CSS
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Howstuffworks.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression — Potential savings of 2 KiB
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_n-acuityads_cnv_n-amobee_dmx_n-sharethrough_ym_rbd_ppt_n-vmg_an-db5_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
2839
2104
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 60 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
56.919
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 630 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Howstuffworks.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://howstuffworks.com/
630
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
0
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Howstuffworks.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 16 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
11381
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
5313
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/uspapi.js
109
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/ads-coordinator/8.3.5/index.js
46
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3NoYXJrLWRyb3duLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7IndlYnAiOnsicXVhbGl0eSI6MjB9fX0=
0

Diagnostics

Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 1,038 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
118086
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
71796
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
61474
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3BsYW5lLWZseS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMCwiaGVpZ2h0IjoxODB9fX0=
41645
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/rx_lidar.js?cache=r20110914
38641
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
37622
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
33493
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3Rob3JlYXUtMS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjU1MH19fQ==
33295
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3NoYXJrLWRyb3duLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7IndlYnAiOnsicXVhbGl0eSI6MjB9fX0=
28783
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd.js
28590
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 484 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
484
Maximum DOM Depth
path
14
Maximum Child Elements
body
24
Avoid chaining critical requests — 3 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Howstuffworks.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 9 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
lteu
Measure
524.624
0.201
ltpq
Measure
524.939
0.056
loadStarteventUtils
Mark
524.661
loadEndeventUtils
Mark
524.837
loadStartpixelQueue
Mark
524.95
loadEndpixelQueue
Mark
525.004
gpt-tag-load
Mark
562.338
gpt-first-ad-request
Mark
892.987
gpt-first-ad-render
Mark
1577.051
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 214 requests • 1,038 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
214
1062506
Script
40
654242
Image
47
177989
Other
100
106227
Font
4
63786
Document
22
58888
Stylesheet
1
1374
Media
0
0
Third-party
210
1029398
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
Will a Shark Drown if It Stops Moving? READ MORE
Avoid large layout shifts
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 20 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_n-acuityads_cnv_n-amobee_dmx_n-sharethrough_ym_rbd_ppt_n-vmg_an-db5_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
797
301
https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js
13832
291
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd.js
15917
221
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
16163
215
https://e9b79c19720f888b6dabd69464edc4e2.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html
11934
203
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
15268
199
https://www.gstatic.com/mysidia/a49f08884e9fe3c98121acfd762fd9db.js?tag=location/location_extension_awx_square
15467
185
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/flickity.min.js
3562
125
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
3394
119
Unattributable
678
119
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
5524
117
https://e9b79c19720f888b6dabd69464edc4e2.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html
11827
107
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
6770
106
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js
5092
105
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
10597
103
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/224/runner.html
18134
98
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
14273
95
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_n-acuityads_cnv_n-amobee_dmx_n-sharethrough_ym_rbd_ppt_n-vmg_an-db5_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
6682
88
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
3987
85
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/_htgYqD-D_hqupanZs0dgoAXJAmF8Earzw--3TVapKE.js
17953
79
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Other

Network Requests
Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
URL Protocol Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes) Resource Size (Bytes) Status Code MIME Type Resource Type
http://howstuffworks.com/
http/1.1
0
43.797999998787
422
0
301
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
h2
44.708000001265
100.63000000082
26848
116007
200
text/html
Document
https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-regular.woff2
h2
115.6090000004
174.23200000485
16384
15736
200
application/octet-stream
Font
https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-700.woff2
h2
115.82600000838
174.57499999728
16463
15816
200
application/octet-stream
Font
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
h2
118.48900000041
187.46800000372
37622
112424
200
application/javascript
Script
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/alpine.min.js
h2
194.40700000268
272.04300000449
8475
25984
200
application/javascript
Script
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/dpl/3.2.2/dpl-hsw.js
h2
118.81800000265
133.04900001094
7590
22950
200
application/javascript
Script
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3BsYW5lLWZseS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMCwiaGVpZ2h0IjoxODB9fX0=
h2
276.41500000027
298.16600000777
41645
40926
200
image/webp
Image
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3BhdWwtYnVueWFuLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwLCJoZWlnaHQiOjE4MH19fQ==
h2
276.61700001045
302.88499999733
22699
21980
200
image/webp
Image
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/flickity.min.js
h2
178.9240000071
264.83300000837
14057
57513
200
application/javascript
Script
https://i.clean.gg/1a
h2
223.20800001035
239.71500000334
400
0
204
text/plain
Preflight
https://i.clean.gg/1a
h2
240.76000000059
256.69100000232
446
0
200
text/plain
XHR
https://bd.howstuffworks.com/direct?product_line=hsw&domain=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F&platform=desktop&extra_args={%22template%22:%22HomePage%22}
h2
239.17100000835
301.77099999855
371
192
200
application/json
XHR
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/uspapi.js
h2
276.87899999728
338.73499999754
1986
3037
200
application/javascript
Script
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js
h2
277.11200001067
284.76400001091
24661
69554
200
text/javascript
Script
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
h2
277.33500000613
354.66199999792
71796
234318
200
application/javascript
Script
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
h2
277.5510000065
331.2270000024
33493
126415
200
application/javascript
Script
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3NoYXJrLWRyb3duLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7IndlYnAiOnsicXVhbGl0eSI6MjB9fX0=
h2
285.35800000827
303.46700000518
28783
28064
200
image/webp
Image
https://soflopxl.com/dplpxs
312.17499999912
378.08100000257
0
0
-1
Ping
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/ads.min.js
h2
347.99500000372
394.82100000896
4381
10495
200
application/javascript
Script
https://s.flocdn.com/%40s1/dpl/3.2.2/iframe.html
h2
374.86900000658
413.76100000343
737
317
200
text/html
Document
https://www.howstuffworks.com/export/async-footer?nlPopup=0&nlFooter=1
h2
374.31300000753
416.97000000568
5467
18055
200
text/html
XHR
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
h2
412.68700000364
424.99800000223
118086
337883
200
text/javascript
Script
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/bao-csm/aps-comm/aps_csm.js
h2
427.25400000927
443.29599999764
3256
6482
200
application/javascript
XHR
https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3Rob3JlYXUtMS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjU1MH19fQ==
h2
428.07599999651
489.66200000723
33295
32576
200
image/webp
Image
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
h2
537.05300000729
541.09500000777
20313
49377
200
text/javascript
Script
https://s.flocdn.com/%40s1/dpl/3.2.2/iframe.js
h2
537.19699999783
596.81699999783
3394
7192
200
application/javascript
Script
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/ads-coordinator/8.3.5/index.js
h2
568.67600000987
614.74800000724
19324
70474
200
application/javascript
Script
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
h2
612.05000001064
630.99200000579
61474
198831
200
application/javascript
Script
https://js-sec.indexww.com/ht/p/183615-109309588902008.js
http/1.1
624.7260000091
725.12600000482
13226
37643
200
text/javascript
Script
https://soflopxl.com/dplpxs
625.13100000797
632.88900000043
0
0
-1
Ping
https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js
h2
632.54500000039
639.19400000304
24707
69603
200
text/javascript
Script
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/cdn/prod/config?src=3082&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F
h2
664.56400000607
687.16400000267
421
0
204
text/plain
XHR
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/e/dtb/bid?src=3082&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F&pid=4j0RddO759OaM&cb=0&ws=360x640&v=7.66.00&t=1100&slots=%5B%7B%22sd%22%3A%220%22%2C%22s%22%3A%5B%22320x50%22%2C%22300x50%22%2C%221x1%22%5D%2C%22sn%22%3A%22%2F108939068%2Fhswcore_lite%2Fhomepage%2Fmobadhesion%22%7D%2C%7B%22sd%22%3A%221%22%2C%22s%22%3A%5B%22300x250%22%2C%221x1%22%5D%2C%22sn%22%3A%22%2F108939068%2Fhswcore_lite%2Fhomepage%2Fmobinline1%22%7D%5D&gdprl=%7B%22status%22%3A%22no-cmp%22%7D
h2
710.02900000894
848.75499999907
719
223
200
text/javascript
XHR
https://tlx.3lift.com/header/auction?lib=prebid&v=4.23.0&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F&tmax=1100
h2
722.42600000754
782.25600000587
685
19
200
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https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/ecm3?ex=dmx.com&id=eyJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzaWQiOjEwMDAyLCJ1c3IiOiJxZ1llc2dZYk1YWkdkemhIVDJSNGJrSjFWbmd6ZFRVNFJIUTBlalJyYWpkeSJ9.DKWSi5VFQNPCdXhEyd8ZfSmeRoEgTOW8u8B8LhM5FEYw_CVSUQ7vsiYNqGop9P1fb5XW4IfNYudF5C_x5rZBuA
http/1.1
2130.4930000042
2207.0950000052
556
43
200
image/gif
Image
https://token.rubiconproject.com/token?pid=25470&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2140.3750000027
2218.5810000083
638
0
302
https://cm.g.doubleclick.net/pixel?google_nid=rubicon&google_cm&google_sc&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2140.8920000104
2147.8190000053
851
0
302
text/html
https://match.adsrvr.org/track/cmf/rubicon?us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2141.2910000072
2159.6040000004
887
0
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text/html
https://id.rlcdn.com/709414.gif?us_privacy=1YN-
h2
2141.6750000062
2178.7469999981
573
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://token.rubiconproject.com/token?pid=2974&pt=n&a=1&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2142.1750000009
2215.4549999977
660
0
302
https://token.rubiconproject.com/token?pid=26594&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2142.5569999992
2218.034000005
676
0
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https://sync.mathtag.com/sync/img?mt_exid=9&redir=https%3A%2F%2Fpixel.rubiconproject.com%2Ftap.php%3Fv%3D4222%26nid%3D1512%26put%3D%5BMM_UUID%5D&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2143.0830000027
2213.7900000089
641
0
302
image/gif
https://token.rubiconproject.com/token?pid=2249&pt=n&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2143.5179999971
2215.1560000057
688
0
302
https://pixel.rubiconproject.com/tap.php?v=7751&nid=2249&expires=30&put=CAESELPRZ_YnqKcjFSELWM3hqEs&google_cver=1
http/1.1
2148.0529999972
2234.2290000088
711
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://ce.lijit.com/merge?pid=86&3pid=qEnJ0530nUH1I4t1yXbD&pi=sovrn&gdpr_consent=&gdpr=0&tc=1
http/1.1
2148.7009999983
2334.5120000013
844
43
200
image/gif
Image
https://pixel.rubiconproject.com/tap.php?v=8981&nid=2307&put=ef90581a-ea7c-409f-a9e6-ef785a312ac6&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&expires=30
http/1.1
2159.805000003
2240.0020000059
711
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://cm.g.doubleclick.net/pixel?google_nid=casale_media2_dbm&google_cm&google_sc&google_hm=YO1mZ3.NyzaWqSuF2rp-UwAA
http/1.1
2199.0360000054
2205.4530000023
874
0
302
text/html
https://dsum-sec.casalemedia.com/crum?cm_dsp_id=45&external_user_id=CAESEAZdOPWXKIQMzXqEbAhsNIE&google_cver=1&google_hm=2
http/1.1
2205.6540000049
2352.2970000049
999
43
200
image/gif
Image
https://pixel.rubiconproject.com/tap.php?v=4222&nid=1512&put=aa1560ed-6668-4000-96ff-2fe9ac08ea52
http/1.1
2214.0070000023
2288.0700000096
711
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://cm.g.doubleclick.net/pixel?google_nid=rubicon&google_hm=Zjk4YTE1MWQ1MzA3MTRjZmQ4ZmRmMmFhMTgxYTkwODE3MjcwMjM0NA&us_privacy=1YN-
h2
2215.3070000059
2220.8530000062
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170
200
image/png
Image
https://pr-bh.ybp.yahoo.com/sync/rubicon/Mm4_uDO_5iQiAYytIr40Icn5EUdSAgOZEtemQ7w0kco?csrc=&us_privacy=1YN-
http/1.1
2215.6420000101
2247.9770000064
1394
0
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https://ads.yahoo.com/cms/v1?nwid=10000010181&eid=KR1W7TYV-1C-IBTX&sigv=1&esig=2~07a1af728abb4a46a75b17b6c91e3360dc42a49d&us_privacy=1YN-
h2
2218.4419999976
2259.1130000073
660
0
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Image
https://cm.g.doubleclick.net/pixel?google_nid=rp&google_hm=S1IxVzdUWVYtMUMtSUJUWA==&us_privacy=1YN-
h2
2218.8200000091
2224.4800000044
663
170
200
image/png
Image
https://pixel.rubiconproject.com/tap.php?v=31950&nid=2974&put=1316319612422018342
http/1.1
2248.2330000057
2326.4150000032
711
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://ce.lijit.com/merge?pid=66&3pid=592030854401
http/1.1
3169.2860000039
3490.4450000031
1599
43
200
image/gif
Image
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/getconfig/sodar?sv=200&tid=gpt&tv=2021070801&st=env
h2
3544.676000005
3553.0090000102
8844
10699
200
application/json
XHR
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2.js
h2
3555.7490000065
3560.1569999999
7012
17713
200
text/javascript
Script
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/224/runner.html
h2
3568.265000009
3573.967999997
5648
12789
200
text/html
Document
https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api2/aframe
h2
3570.1550000085
3576.5289999981
1237
783
200
text/html
Document
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=224&li=gpt_2021070801&jk=4164132406753005&rc=
h2
3598.4759999992
3619.1050000052
543
0
204
text/html
Image
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/_htgYqD-D_hqupanZs0dgoAXJAmF8Earzw--3TVapKE.js
h2
3602.4130000005
3607.2950000089
14005
35501
200
text/javascript
Script
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/gen_204?id=sodar2&v=224&t=2&li=gpt_2021070801&jk=4164132406753005&bg=!NjWlNXHNAAZjFomlYxY7ACkAdvg8WjV71EjUkoEqNrYxUFxvKAurhwIvlAmAgwsNqr6EeyxxUJzQTQIAAAC0UgAAAAxoAQcKAMJnBTG2a8_8I91EiUY1gONTEe-NQaG8X_qzyIrtVTSfzQf3cB_FIwVh1CVKMHQfxkX-t912f9qMI_5aMhXoovlreJPKP4Jn8sHgQBqCvSNX3vV2ErRU9essXi3N8vgv2NmDFLoLZ-zQhoXVjpU1JZxcglhYhmbV2slHXEJlr66KB0yHqyNRsFWyVjxOnDT877MQildTt4LuY1gw1t4XCzSmKaGYbasOdv73ydF593QorbQu1w2EnYdOom7AcarGqy71jJkCebkytX7FfKhAWakYH6qHp2MbkALMzQpTr_hKfMIZLpr-9W6aftsWAQitr6c_4CudbG7Hyo-gXa3nIimlPq553F15zZWw-24ZwVIFPahQmvg3E1aAOREtH6feAlnxxBWO9Fe2CBvK8kYP-D9_houLZtfmiJwVd1pjU4Eq-ANvBOs3zXQTsdnM9ujK9-EGWMWFRmZKgdAjfXSABlTCX7RG5fft2-BuhnTqo9ntd79MxUPLpbJWrjFUQIsODGNIH7WdTJrLpiVvLAh9Wu2Sr0b0md3P88kjelP7cDlTHoaDZzLMPcsaGn2PWc2EJBaZQdssy9u_YUWL6OJF2aBq0T_mOoMYaKcd_gdbSsRFQDwH5BZOQ815sxQn17if7kX8IKPtciq1LbUBgAZmfgZesAyEqKHeeEZFSciH0O8q5R6XcfVnemD60RG_FqcCr1MbNBy6gjfMKpUEnN5D-py7ZX3FQmM5GAe9TJsRuMI_3JNKQgzn4e_H32cW18-bqX0PtyiT5IkwHOd3zEjoPD59h5LzOVnCCsFEhPfvkXHP--9nDCTKHP1v-Q6dOK_G-cOGUeALgBfXIGRTXRzrISMOykjMyvkFHCoaRJr7AKAW6tV6MwdWH4Uvj3aOgcFuPlbKKVaEHlveb1nMvGJnpx3o1t0mmaK_DUfzcuIN6A8mnLSiYDLjQXFobS8o2nJ82R0N7T2qn8AteTEpyqEllzj7Zeht00rExmixz3HWMGspZON_ayAYw7boqFWWi9Hp10ddUSzU_kipnW1Aw_4fgluTWskMjWprwpj33-6H-_KmR-46AAim2ttJpghwI-9d-u20PRIM1LsToJrf3rxrmw
h2
3827.7280000038
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628
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image/gif
Image
https://match.adsrvr.org/track/rid?ttd_pid=b7oivj2&fmt=json
h2
3829.5420000068
3846.6440000047
978
108
200
application/json
XHR
https://eb2.3lift.com/sync?px=1&src=prebid&
http/1.1
3830.8709999983
3847.0270000107
719
0
302
https://match.adsrvr.org/track/cmf/generic?ttd_pid=svx9t50&ttd_tpi=1&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=
http/1.1
3847.2630000033
3864.9500000029
871
0
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text/html
https://eb2.3lift.com/xuid?mid=3658&xuid=ef90581a-ea7c-409f-a9e6-ef785a312ac6&dongle=0cfd
h2
3865.1670000108
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image/gif
Image
https://dmx.districtm.io/s/10056/2019934806593144760
4738.1680000108
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-1
Script
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
110.806
8.267
199.461
59.432
260.148
24.498
284.673
17.892
310.33
8.859
319.375
62.289
391.534
26.283
420.015
12.576
437.511
9.509
447.252
26.403
473.683
5.637
479.333
42.611
548.095
25.631
602.954
12.567
623.543
14.446
647.994
13.873
662.075
72.641
736.634
31.694
774.997
9.554
785.678
13.71
854.227
47.369
913.696
5.385
992.169
9.603
1082.325
15.145
1185.333
12.056
1197.457
22.024
1223.127
29.632
1254.697
5.026
1261.489
75.351
1344.58
29.212
1374.535
5.439
1380.039
5.251
1395.883
5.689
1401.776
5.485
1412.97
6.067
1442.104
6.528
1449.82
6.673
1461.435
5.88
1469.982
6.441
1481.318
6.702
1489.698
99.49
1595.788
8.1
1603.897
26.648
1634.622
5.513
1645.446
55.136
1700.916
50.829
1754.699
5.527
1776.099
7.791
1785.884
92.49
1885.642
6.684
1893.466
13.689
1925.233
8.072
1933.318
12.562
3497.111
53.704
3566.302
8.366
3581.512
5.778
3587.389
6.372
3613.807
19.682
3634.126
11.759
3646.25
11.585
3660.838
12.86
3673.752
11.398
3685.619
11.829
3703.973
12.574
3720.583
8.853
3730.43
11.656
3747.448
13.685
3762.583
11.684
3775.235
24.574
3800.632
8.424
3827.369
5.478
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 2.8 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.

Other

First Meaningful Paint — 2.8 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Opportunities

Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 200 ms
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Howstuffworks.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Ms)
https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/dpl/3.2.2/dpl-hsw.js
7590
780

Metrics

Speed Index — 6.0 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Largest Contentful Paint — 8.5 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Time to Interactive — 16.3 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Total Blocking Time — 1,340 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).

Other

Max Potential First Input Delay — 290 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
First Contentful Paint (3G) — 5362 ms
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered while on a 3G network.

Opportunities

Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 109 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
118086
52877
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
71796
36888
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
61474
21974

Diagnostics

Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 25 resources found
Howstuffworks.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js
0
1953
https://dmx.districtm.io/s/10001/edd1ba7a-0697-4c81-a895-e40e2d8995fb-60ed6667-5553
0
496
https://dmx.districtm.io/s/10026/s2oTVG7TScxDa8IyNkMyA0PNiX8
0
483
https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/b2?c1=2&c2=19985763&ns__t=1626170983086&ns_c=UTF-8&cv=3.5&c8=HowStuffWorks%20-%20Learn%20How%20Everything%20Works!&c7=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2F&c9=
0
414
https://match.sharethrough.com/sync/v1?source_id=5b286190338513af73f09c28&source_user_id=ef90581a-ea7c-409f-a9e6-ef785a312ac6&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=
0
340
https://match.sharethrough.com/sync/v1?source_id=5b286190338513af73f09c28&source_user_id=ef90581a-ea7c-409f-a9e6-ef785a312ac6&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=
0
340
https://match.sharethrough.com/sync/v1?source_id=SvWuQHUbMWnhsCDYjeaq81U2&source_user_id=YO1mZwACjQQsaQBg
0
340
https://match.sharethrough.com/sync/v1?source_id=uFFr5RFBYgoUJbWMAWGEZKS3&source_user_id=678DB05A-5782-4CE6-90BA-1A054DE92FA1
0
340
https://match.deepintent.com/usersync/113
0
337
https://mts0.google.com/vt/data=9Rr8nwEPXAw6QQY-1q0Txnjjo654JCGkK9AieHmxej0LyEyuWCK5gcriIb4e_fot9uK19gbOmoaNgepCIGe3OcemPWiuM6p7i68IqWRDSWUcBUZtiAmSCITXjg
237000
21658
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
300000
71796
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
900000
33493
https://js-sec.indexww.com/ht/p/183615-109309588902008.js
1378000
13226
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20313
https://eus.rubiconproject.com/usync.js
83599000
9785
https://cdn.districtm.io/ids/idsync.d5cb6b96.js
172800000
2199
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/abg_lite_fy2019.js
1209600000
7917
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/qs_click_protection_fy2019.js
1209600000
7001
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/window_focus_fy2019.js
1209600000
2188
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210708/r20110914/client/load_preloaded_resource_fy2019.js
1209600000
1684
https://www.gstatic.com/mysidia/ef3ed83fa5244dfc7f7ca8c70cdace65.js?tag=mysidia_one_click_handler_one_afma_2019
7776000000
11502
https://www.gstatic.com/mysidia/a49f08884e9fe3c98121acfd762fd9db.js?tag=location/location_extension_awx_square
7776000000
5142
https://www.gstatic.com/mysidia/2de7d4a201450dd00e5b8adc4f453659.js?tag=client_fast_engine_2019
7776000000
3663
Reduce JavaScript execution time — 4.5 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://d1bk6lwzdwelz0.cloudfront.net/script.js
992.696
873
7.92
Unattributable
826.264
24.724
0.672
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/224/runner.html
720.22
672.044
11.32
https://e9b79c19720f888b6dabd69464edc4e2.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html
569.472
276.976
67.992
https://www.howstuffworks.com/
509.196
224.988
19.016
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd.js
472.42
445.156
11.46
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/v3/pr?exlist=n-index_n-acuityads_cnv_n-amobee_dmx_n-sharethrough_ym_rbd_ppt_n-vmg_an-db5_sovrn_3lift&fv=1.0&a=cm&cm3ppd=1
402.048
13.192
7.228
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2021070801.js?31061765
355.88
108.588
30.256
https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js
284.256
273.892
7.08
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/rx_lidar.js?cache=r20110914
222.204
190.188
10.592
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXHP8V
214.836
185.404
17.896
https://s.flocdn.com/%40s1/dpl/3.2.2/iframe.js
152.028
142.576
7.172
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
145.908
110.408
14.64
https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/builds/latest/howstuffworks.com/hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js
115.12
87.104
13.456
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js
105.132
96.54
6.384
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/alpine.min.js
80.444
72.364
7.528
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/_htgYqD-D_hqupanZs0dgoAXJAmF8Earzw--3TVapKE.js
78.208
73.768
2.976
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/iu3?cm3ppd=1&d=dtb-pub&csif=t&dl=n-index_n-acuityads_cnv_n-amobee_dmx_n-sharethrough_ym_rbd_ppt_n-vmg_an-db5_sovrn_3lift&dcc=t
75.012
11.044
9.22
https://s.flocdn.com/%40s1/dpl/3.2.2/iframe.html?&screen=refresh
73.484
16.044
10.252
https://www.gstatic.com/mysidia/2de7d4a201450dd00e5b8adc4f453659.js?tag=client_fast_engine_2019
73.056
35.468
3.64
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
70.972
51.676
7.96
https://eus.rubiconproject.com/usync.js
68.476
59.936
3.136
https://cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2630/js/vendor/flickity.min.js
64.524
14.724
4.372
https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/ecm3?ex=cnv.com&id=AAAGgS2x_5uPjgNWFztoAAAAAAA&expiration=1626257383&is_secure=true
60.156
5.712
3.736
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2.js
56.712
48.652
5.296
https://js-sec.indexww.com/ht/p/183615-109309588902008.js
52.084
44.004
2.704
Minimize main-thread work — 7.5 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
4416.524
Other
1381.76
Parse HTML & CSS
533.82
Garbage Collection
411.932
Script Parsing & Compilation
401.36
Style & Layout
273.332
Rendering
125.408
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v27/4UabrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlLU94YtzCwZsPF4o.woff2
3.0370000022231
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v27/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
2.5039999891305
Reduce the impact of third-party code — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 1,040 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
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328793
740.224
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50460
237.772
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61474
60.668
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Avoid `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
96

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of howstuffworks.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
Links have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Howstuffworks.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

ARIA

`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements
Some of Glacier National Park's Best Sites Are Underwater
10 Weirdest Museums You Really Should Visit
Hiking el Caminito del Rey, Once the World's Most Dangerous Trail
4 Ways to Experience Outer Space Right Here on Earth
What's It Like Traveling the World's Most Dangerous Road?
What's Causing the Global Semiconductor Shortage?
How Chaos Theory Works
Haggis, Filmjölk: It's What's for Breakfast Around the World
How the Mohs Scale Ranks Hardness
What Is FUTA and How Does It Work?

Contrast

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Failing Elements
READ MORE

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
81

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that howstuffworks.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Links to cross-origin destinations are safe
Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).
Description Directive Severity
No CSP found in enforcement mode
High

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Avoids Application Cache
Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
core-js
core-js-pure@3.6.4
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js.map
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://howstuffworks.com/
Allowed

Audits

Registers an `unload` listener
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
Browser errors were logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Source Description
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Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 503 (Service Unavailable)
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Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 503 (Service Unavailable)
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Refused to execute script from 'https://x.bidswitch.net/sync?ssp=districtm&user_id=1vFw8GOdxnBuVx3u58Dt4z4kj7r' because its MIME type ('image/gif') is not executable.
91

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for howstuffworks.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of howstuffworks.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes — 100% legible text
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Source Selector % of Page Text Font Size
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100.00%
≥ 12px

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Mobile Friendly

Tap targets are not sized appropriately — 88% appropriately sized tap targets
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.
Tap Target Size Overlapping Target
Next
44x44
Tail of the Dragon, Plus Other Roads That Are Fun to Drive
Next
44x44
5 Reasons Why Your Air Conditioner Stopped Working
Previous
44x44
Tail of the Dragon, Plus Other Roads That Are Fun to Drive
Previous
44x44
5 Reasons Why Your Air Conditioner Stopped Working

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
67

Progressive Web App

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of howstuffworks.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

Installable

Web app manifest and service worker meet the installability requirements
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.

PWA Optimized

Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of howstuffworks.com on mobile screens.
Provides a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Hosting

Server Location

Server IP Address: 54.230.163.129
Continent: North America
Country: United States
United States Flag
Region:
City:
Longitude: -97.822
Latitude: 37.751
Currencies: USD
USN
USS
Languages: English

Web Hosting Provider

Name IP Address
Amazon.com, Inc.
Registration

Domain Registrant

Private Registration: Yes
Name: Whois Agent (575358473)
Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Country: US
City: Kirkland
State: WA
Post Code: 98083
Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Phone: +1.4252740657
Note: Registration information is derived from various sources and may be inaccurate.

Domain Registrar

Security

Visitor Safety

Mature Content: Not Likely
McAfee WebAdvisor Rating: Safe
WOT Rating:
WOT Trustworthiness: 94/100
WOT Child Safety: 93/100
Note: Safety information is not guaranteed.

SSL/TLS Certificate

Issued To: cdn-origin.hswinternal.com
Issued By: Amazon
Valid From: 4th August, 2022
Valid To: 2nd September, 2023
Subject: CN = cdn-origin.hswinternal.com
Hash: 518328f5
Issuer: CN = Amazon
OU = Server CA 1B
O = Amazon
S = US
Version: 2
Serial Number: 15149961351416669204378523511386987183
Serial Number (Hex): 0B65C6C39CA3890FFA33BF24EF2ADAAF
Valid From: 4th August, 2024
Valid To: 2nd September, 2024
Signature Algorithm (Short Name): RSA-SHA256
Signature Algorithm (Long Name): sha256WithRSAEncryption
Authority Key Identifier: keyid:59:A4:66:06:52:A0:7B:95:92:3C:A3:94:07:27:96:74:5B:F9:3D:D0
Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication
CRL Distribution Points:
Full Name:
URI:http://crl.sca1b.amazontrust.com/sca1b-1.crl
Certificate Policies: Policy: 2.23.140.1.2.1
Authority Information Access: OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.sca1b.amazontrust.com
CA Issuers - URI:http://crt.sca1b.amazontrust.com/sca1b.crt
SCT List: Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : E8:3E:D0:DA:3E:F5:06:35:32:E7:57:28:BC:89:6B:C9:
03:D3:CB:D1:11:6B:EC:EB:69:E1:77:7D:6D:06:BD:6E
Timestamp : Aug 4 14:02:29.765 2022 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:45:02:20:34:F4:25:3B:AB:A2:55:E6:32:12:43:83:
97:96:1C:B8:07:1E:5D:69:0A:51:E1:99:84:35:36:A5:
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EC:98:BA:17:2E:90:D0
Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 35:CF:19:1B:BF:B1:6C:57:BF:0F:AD:4C:6D:42:CB:BB:
B6:27:20:26:51:EA:3F:E1:2A:EF:A8:03:C3:3B:D6:4C
Timestamp : Aug 4 14:02:29.844 2022 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:44:02:20:37:C2:10:0C:01:5C:05:5F:89:D4:82:EC:
67:63:24:8E:8E:3A:CF:34:70:18:62:C0:BD:3F:09:AF:
9B:29:2D:EA:02:20:66:C6:78:08:5C:2B:B7:D0:8B:71:
7B:41:A0:11:5D:D5:24:09:95:B5:97:4A:67:DF:0F:95:
60:93:72:38:86:0E
Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : B7:3E:FB:24:DF:9C:4D:BA:75:F2:39:C5:BA:58:F4:6C:
5D:FC:42:CF:7A:9F:35:C4:9E:1D:09:81:25:ED:B4:99
Timestamp : Aug 4 14:02:29.832 2022 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:46:02:21:00:F8:C8:B5:1B:72:91:71:A9:75:73:C0:
F4:9B:4C:96:5A:97:70:77:39:B8:B8:59:4C:11:31:77:
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BD:20:34:CD:BF:5D:BE:5D:31:3D:B8:30:30:57:10:94:
09:03:19:56:B1:FF:95:13
Key Usage: Digital Signature, Key Encipherment
Basic Constraints: CA:FALSE
Subject Alternative Name: DNS:*.cdn.preview.hswinternal.com
DNS:*.howstuffworks.com
DNS:*.zoo.com
DNS:*.zooquizzes.com
DNS:howstuffworks.com
DNS:zoo.com
DNS:zooquizzes.com
DNS:cdn-origin.hswinternal.com
Technical

DNS Lookup

A Records

Host IP Address Class TTL
howstuffworks.com. 18.160.46.56 IN 60
howstuffworks.com. 18.160.46.34 IN 60
howstuffworks.com. 18.160.46.10 IN 60
howstuffworks.com. 18.160.46.102 IN 60

NS Records

Host Nameserver Class TTL
howstuffworks.com. ns-1026.awsdns-00.org. IN 21600
howstuffworks.com. ns-1723.awsdns-23.co.uk. IN 21600
howstuffworks.com. ns-230.awsdns-28.com. IN 21600
howstuffworks.com. ns-514.awsdns-00.net. IN 21600

MX Records

Priority Host Server Class TTL
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10 howstuffworks.com. alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. IN 300
10 howstuffworks.com. alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. IN 300
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SOA Records

Domain Name Primary NS Responsible Email TTL
howstuffworks.com. ns-230.awsdns-28.com. awsdns-hostmaster.amazon.com. 900

TXT Records

Host Value Class TTL
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howstuffworks.com. docusign=f6ed7987-8396-476d-b76e-1251c0fa75ff IN 300
howstuffworks.com. facebook-domain-verification=6fj5bqy5ypyad2lqfo7l56cnica6ka IN 300
howstuffworks.com. fastly-domain-delegation-lHDS6yvr4CVHHKnr-#526123-2022-08-23 IN 300
howstuffworks.com. fastly-domain-delegation-lnYFR7XAspYWCDr-#518056-2022-07-19 IN 300
howstuffworks.com. fastly-domain-delegation-r4QqUNzN2Z5GPFvD-568289-2023-01-30 IN 300
howstuffworks.com. google-site-verification=2vj8liJykIp_twB7iqGJXSvu1gdjhj2WRtXlbv50hdE IN 300
howstuffworks.com. google-site-verification=B4YiM1AMRmRxZokjTlp9fEsXeFgZ1dCK5FtD2gpb8ak IN 300
howstuffworks.com. google-site-verification=KAUbQ2E7KXxBCMdp42KCmke3GHEejxhLW_WStVM6kfw IN 300
howstuffworks.com. google-site-verification=q4m_Qtyp6r5s8NwvpLjzlAuj-7Hox7pigEAoTiLkWHs IN 300
howstuffworks.com. google-site-verification=vVzzWl6hH3GlrYq6c7gH03Fle_YzB_VPK8J65ApD4Rw IN 300
howstuffworks.com. mongodb-site-verification=DZabVN0N2nIFzrDovMKp6dmih13qM1il IN 300
howstuffworks.com. onetrust-domain-verification=6a0f32b404ce44ab9f846a571b40db1e IN 300
howstuffworks.com. r3l0yk16b9wf7xsx9qy94ktd9zmj0tvz IN 300
howstuffworks.com. v=spf1 IN 300
howstuffworks.com. v=spf1 IN 300
howstuffworks.com. zrtl4rb41l611631srp8b1c1klpphl31 IN 300

HTTP Response Headers

HTTP-Code: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
Date: 21st February, 2023
Server: nginx
Expires: 20th February, 2023
Connection: keep-alive
X-Cache: Hit from cloudfront
Via: 1.1 d57e92f55da6364b30f6b45e435b7b20.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)
X-Amz-Cf-Pop: EWR52-C1
X-Amz-Cf-Id: yfOwBB5hmTtB4JQPFAqfY64lcIo_2RI8kn3bktRJEiCJpDcGFTRn8Q==
Age: 109

Whois Lookup

Created: 11th July, 1998
Changed: 19th September, 2021
Expires: 10th July, 2024
Registrar: ENOM, INC.
Status: clientTransferProhibited
Nameservers: ns-1026.awsdns-00.org
ns-1723.awsdns-23.co.uk
ns-230.awsdns-28.com
ns-514.awsdns-00.net
Owner Name: Whois Agent (575358473)
Owner Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Owner Street: PO Box 639
C/O howstuffworks.com
Owner Post Code: 98083
Owner City: Kirkland
Owner State: WA
Owner Country: US
Owner Phone: +1.4252740657
Owner Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Admin Name: Whois Agent
Admin Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Admin Street: PO Box 639
C/O howstuffworks.com
Admin Post Code: 98083
Admin City: Kirkland
Admin State: WA
Admin Country: US
Admin Phone: +1.4252740657
Admin Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Tech Name: Whois Agent
Tech Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Tech Street: PO Box 639
C/O howstuffworks.com
Tech Post Code: 98083
Tech City: Kirkland
Tech State: WA
Tech Country: US
Tech Phone: +1.4252740657
Tech Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Full Whois:

Domain Name: howstuffworks.com
Registry Domain ID: 1568263_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: WHOIS.ENOM.COM
Registrar URL: WWW.ENOM.COM
Updated Date: 2021-09-19T20:30:06.00Z
Creation Date: 1998-07-11T04:00:00.00Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2024-07-10T04:00:00.00Z
Registrar: ENOM, INC.
Registrar IANA ID: 48
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Registrant Name: Whois Agent (575358473)
Registrant Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Registrant Street: PO Box 639
Registrant Street: C/O howstuffworks.com
Registrant City: Kirkland
Registrant State/Province: WA
Registrant Postal Code: 98083
Registrant Country: US
Registrant Phone: +1.4252740657
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax: +1.4259744730
Registrant Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Admin Name: Whois Agent
Admin Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Admin Street: PO Box 639
Admin Street: C/O howstuffworks.com
Admin City: Kirkland
Admin State/Province: WA
Admin Postal Code: 98083
Admin Country: US
Admin Phone: +1.4252740657
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax: +1.4259744730
Admin Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Tech Name: Whois Agent
Tech Organization: Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.
Tech Street: PO Box 639
Tech Street: C/O howstuffworks.com
Tech City: Kirkland
Tech State/Province: WA
Tech Postal Code: 98083
Tech Country: US
Tech Phone: +1.4252740657
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax: +1.4259744730
Tech Email: lmqbdxdmt@whoisprivacyprotect.com
Name Server: NS-1026.AWSDNS-00.ORG
Name Server: NS-1723.AWSDNS-23.CO.UK
Name Server: NS-230.AWSDNS-28.COM
Name Server: NS-514.AWSDNS-00.NET
DNSSEC: unsigned
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: ABUSE@ENOM.COM
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.4259744689
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: HTTPS://ICANN.ORG/WICF
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2023-02-21T00:58:15.00Z <<<

For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp


The data in this whois database is provided to you for information
purposes only, that is, to assist you in obtaining information about or
related to a domain name registration record. We make this information
available "as is," and do not guarantee its accuracy. By submitting a
whois query, you agree that you will use this data only for lawful
purposes and that, under no circumstances will you use this data to: (1)
enable high volume, automated, electronic processes that stress or load
this whois database system providing you this information; or (2) allow,
enable, or otherwise support the transmission of mass unsolicited,
commercial advertising or solicitations via direct mail, electronic
mail, or by telephone. The compilation, repackaging, dissemination or
other use of this data is expressly prohibited without prior written
consent from us.

We reserve the right to modify these terms at any time. By submitting
this query, you agree to abide by these terms.
Version 6.3 4/3/2002
View Raw Whois

Nameservers

Name IP Address
ns-1026.awsdns-00.org 205.251.196.2
ns-1723.awsdns-23.co.uk 205.251.198.187
ns-230.awsdns-28.com 205.251.192.230
ns-514.awsdns-00.net 205.251.194.2
Related

Subdomains

Domain Subdomain
animals.howstuffworks.com
animals
blogs.howstuffworks.com
blogs
computer.howstuffworks.com
computer
electronics.howstuffworks.com
electronics
health.howstuffworks.com
health
All howstuffworks.com subdomains

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